Excel Formula Master

Help me with Excel for [TASK_DESCRIPTION]. Spreadsheet context: [CONTEXT]. Data layout: [LAYOUT]. Create: 1) The Excel formula(s) I need with explanation of each function used, 2) Any edge cases to handle (blanks, errors), 3) Alternative approaches (e.g., using XLOOKUP vs VLOOKUP), 4) If complex: a VBA macro solution with comments, 5) How to troubleshoot if it breaks. Show before/after data examples.